Control the ratio of fine and coarse feed in the diet
Cow's milk contains fat, protein, sugar, minerals and vitamins nutrients, the vast majority of which are synthesized in the mammary gland by cow's milk precursors absorbed from the blood selection, such as 90% of the protein in the milk is synthesized in the mammary gland by precursors in the feed, and 10% of the protein is carried directly from the blood. So insufficient precursors will not ensure the normal composition of milk and milk components, and conversely too many precursors will cause waste.
Milk composition content generally fluctuates with the stage of production and the nutritional level of the diet. The ratio of concentrate and roughage is roughly 50:50 (range 60:40 to 40:60), and this ratio is the feed ratio that makes the highest composition in milk. At the peak of lactation, the cow's nutrient needs become greater to fully ensure the quality of the diet and feed structure, which often results in protein deficiency when the quality or structure is not good. Inadequate protein feeding will result in reduced milk volume, lower milk protein rate and thinner milk. In order to improve the energy of the diet, the quality of roughage should be increased while increasing the concentrate feed.
 
Fully ensure the quality of roughage
Practice has proven that high quality alfalfa hay can increase milk production by 800~1200 kg per head compared to poor quality hay, while high quality roughage can increase milk fat rate by 0.1%~0.2%, milk protein rate by 0.03%~0.06%, lactose by 0.02%~0.04% and fat-free solids by 0.05%~0.09%. The lower quality of roughage makes high yielding cows can not play a high yield potential, poor body quality, milk quality decline, can not meet the grade requirements of dairy processing, directly reduce economic benefits. For poor quality roughage, the nutritional value can be improved by physical, chemical and microbiological treatments. The improvement of roughage quality can increase the dry matter intake of cows, optimize the rumen environment of cows, improve the digestion and metabolism of nutrients in the body, and achieve the best utilization of roughage by cows, ultimately achieving the purpose of reducing production costs, improving milk quality and cattle raising benefits.
 
Pay attention to the strengthening of cows to prevent heat and cooling measures
The optimum temperature for dairy cows is 10℃~16℃, and they have the characteristic of cold and heat tolerance, especially Holstein cows have worse heat resistance. For this reason, attention should be paid to do when the temperature rises.
1. Adjust the diet and strengthen management. Increase the energy concentration of the diet so that cows increase their intake. Appropriately increase the amount of grain fed, add calcium fatty acids, and increase the palatability of juicy green feeds, tubers and squash. Feed once more at night or early in the morning when the weather is cooler. Increase drinking water and reduce the number of cattle housing to facilitate heat dissipation.
2.Strengthen ventilation and spraying to cool down the temperature.
3. Greening the environment. Around the barn, around the sports field should be green, not only to beautify the environment, but also to play the role of shade.